Fetal surgery is a new field of medicine in which interventions are performed on the fetus before birth. Surgeons today repairdiaphragmatic hernias, spina bifida and other abnormalities before birth. This is a rapidly developing field, but there is still no uniformity in the way of administering analgesics and anesthesia to the fetus. A debate is underway as to which is the best method of anesthetizing the fetus during prenatal surgery. Researchers are wondering whether it is necessary to directly administer anesthetics to the fetus or if those that the mother received are enough for both. To evaluate this aspect it is important to know the placental extraction index of maternal drugs. We know that the absence of analgesia is dangerous both for the proper conduct of the surgery and for the adverse effects that pain causes on the developing brain. On the other hand, we also know that some anesthetics given to the developing subjects can be dangerous for them. A team featuring a neonatologist, a pediatric surgeon and an anesthetist, each one internationally renowned, will provide important data and strategies.Objectives: Providing the state of the art on fetal surgery and the types of anesthesia possible for the fetus during therapeutic surgery, according to the most recent evidenceProviding data on the development of pain perception and on how to measure pain in the fetus and neonate.Session Format: At the end of the workshop, a poll on what has been taught and a final test on what has been learnt will be performed