Dr. Sawchuk will review current evidence in understanding the mechanisms and treatment of youth with functional neurologic disorders. Dr. Sawchuk will present findings from a pediatric study that was the first to demonstrate prospectively that standardized care for a type of FND (PNES) leads to improved clinical outcomes and reduced healthcare utilization. In addition to a 96% reduction in PNES events, the study found that delayed diagnosis and treatment of PNES longer than 12 months also appears to be associated with less favorable outcomes in children. In addition to reviewing the positive findings and clinical pathway from the study, Dr. Sawchuk will present a case of an adolescent with PNES and chronic pain that was refractory to treatment including the individual contributing factors that may have lead to unsuccessful outcomes.