Dr. Boretsky will be managing the flow of the presentations and the workshop stations. She will introduce the speakers, and the physics of ultrasound as well as machine operating basis, as well as familiarize attendees to basic terminology related to ultrasound use and nerve blocks. Traditional landmark identification of intervertebral spaces and caudal space for neuraxial anesthesia is often imprecise and associated with failures. This may be significant in infants with a more caudally positioned conus medullaris and smaller distances to critical structures. The lack of dense ossification of the spine in infants offer large acoustic windows for ultrasound imaging of relevant anatomic structures to enable a safer block. During the hands on session, she will discuss sonographic anatomy of neuraxial blocks particularly caudal anesthesia. The pitfalls and advantages of using ultrasounds for caudal block placement which is commonly utilized for providing analgesia for urogenital and lower abdominal surgeries will be detailed long with evidence based dosing recommendations. Dr. Boretsky will educate trainees using hands-on ultrasound imaging of neuraxial anatomy on a volunteer (model).