This study investigates the biopsychosocial factors that differ between adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) patients with no-mild pain and moderate-severe pain. More detailed characterization of patients with moderate-severe pain prior to posterior spinal fusion (PSF) would allow clinicians to identify those at increased risk of acute and chronic postsurgical pain. Furthermore, this data supports the need for greater focus on preoperative pain management in AIS patients.